Apparatus for treating plastic materials



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APPARATUS FOR TREATING PLAsTrc MATERIALS Filed nec. 9, 1940 e Sheets-sheet e Batented Oct. 26, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT. orrlca APPARATUS FOR TREATING PLASTIC IALS Robert William Bally, Narberth, Pa. lApplication December 9, 1940, Serial No. 369,299

4: Claims.

An object of my invention is to provide an apparatus of simple, durable and inexpensive construction for treating plastic materials by means of vibrations.

Another object is to provide an apparatus for consolidating materials, the particles of which move relativelyto each other when subjected to vibration, by subjecting spaced points or areas thereof to vibrations applied internally or on the surface thereof or both, by means of one or more supporting members having one or more vibrators depending therefrom, the supporting member or members being movable to successive positions for subjecting the entire mass of ma terial to the vibrations.

Another object is to provide an apparatus for consolidating such materials by subjecting the material to vibrations at spaced points or areas or both, and simultaneously striking off said material to a desired surface contour.

Another object is to provide an apparatus for g relatively to each other when subjected Vto Vifbrations, said materials being used for pavements or other purposes, by vibration, and simultaneously striking off the material to a desired surface contour, and also to provide a means forso disposing the' larger particlesv of the4 mass into positions whereby those which were formerly in positions intersecting the plane of the desired` surface contour prior to striking off, are located either aboveror below said plane, sothat as the striking olf occurs, none or few ofsaid larger particles are so located that they intersect the plane of separation of the material lying above the desired surface contour, from the material lying below said plane.

Another object is to provide vibrating apparatus for treating a material being used for pavement or other purposes said material @being placed in an area of fixed width, which apparatus is quickly adjustable for other fixed widths.

Still another object is to provide vibrating apparatus for treating a material used for pavements or other purposesVsaid apparatus beim,r

' way slab or other structure being constructed,`

arranged for quick and convenient adjustments i of the various parts of the vibrating elements to` give them a desired relationship to the desired p finished contour of the surface of the material.

Another objectl of my invention is to provide one o r more vibrating devices for treating such material, each comprising parallel vibratory elements generally disposed with their long axes approximately horizontal, with vibratory mechanism for actuating said vibratory elements mounted low with relation to said elements,'in order that as the elements are propelled through the material, said mechanism, will not laterally displace said material but will allow the material to flow over it, leaving the treated material after the passage of the elements, approximately smooth at its upper surface.

A Another object is to provide elements for treat-` ing a roadway or thermaterial bysubjecting the material to vibrations, some of thercomponents' of the vibratory forces lcausing said vibrations acting in planes approximately parallel to the direction of travel of the apparatus, and simultaneously some components of said vibratory forces acting in directions at angles to said planes, and in directions other than parallel to the forward direction of travel of the apparatus.

Another object is so to arrange the parts of my apparatus that those parts whose axes are right lines when at rest, or in fixed curves when at rest, and which when vibrated cause said right lines or xed curved lines to travel in paths generating surfaces out of parallel with such original lines or curves that said-parts vmay freely assume such paths without subjecting the devices supporting said parts to undue or destructive stresses.

Another object isto provide means by which the material being subjected to vibration, andlying above the desired nished contour, may

be retained and conserved between the desiredv lateral limits of the path of travel of the apparatus.

Another Aobject is to provide, for supporting and propelling vibratory elements hereinbefore -described, a carriage arranged to /easily accommodate itself to lateral deections of the roadand also to dierences in elevationv of the side forms restraining said roadwayor other material where such side forms normallysupport the carriage, the arrangement of the carriage or supports being such that no undue strains or stresses are induced in the carriage or supports due to drawing ef one form of my apparatus. 1

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the .apparatus of Figure l.

Figure 3 is an elevation view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure l.

Figure 4 is a partly elevation and partly sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a part of the apparatus of Figure 1.

Figure 6 isa schematic front view of the appa.'

ratus of Figure 1 with some details of Figure 1 omitted.

Figure 7 is a schematic plan view of a part of the apparatus taken on the line 'I-I of Figure 6.

bers II of the pusher arms 9 are hinged to the clevises I2' by means of the horizontal Aclevis pins I3 which'areso arranged "as to permit both vertical and limited horizontal angular Amovement of the pusherarms 9, about the pins I3. The tubes 9 and I I are held in desired relative positions by the spacer bolts I4, selectively extended through holes I4a, thus permitting the distance between king-pins I0 and their associated clevis pins I3 to be varied at will. Any other desired arrangements of parts may be utilized to accomplish the desired results.

The clevises I2 maybe attached to any pro- Vpelled carriage, such as for instance a standard Figure 8 is a schematic and elevation view taken on the line 8-8 of Figure 7.

' Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 7.

Figure 1 0 is a perspective view of a part of the apparatus of Figure 1. y

Figure 11 is a partly sectional and partly elevation view taken on the line I I-II oi Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a partly sectional and partly elevation view taken on the lines I2-I2 and I2a-'I 2a of Figure l0.

Figure 13 is a schematic view of parts of the apparatus taken on the line I3-I3 ot Figure 1.

Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1 in operation, taken on the A line I4-I4 o1' Figure 1.

Figure 15 is a modified form of my invention showing a similar view ,to the sectional view taken on line I4-I4of Figure 1`.

Figure 16 is a schematic vertical cross sectional view of vanother arrangement of my apparatus.

Figure 17 is a perspective view of another 'form loi my apparatus.

Figure 18 is a perspective view of another form of my apparatus.

Figure 19 is a schematic front elevation of the apparatus of Figure 18.

In Figures l through 4 Iv show the side forms I of a roadway under construction. Extending across the roadway ,I provide the main frame member 2, shown as a tubular member, although it may be any other suitable design. At each end of the member 2 are spaced inner and outer truck plates 3 and 4, suitablyvattached to the member. 2 (Figs. 1 and 5).' Between the plates 3 and 4 the wheel yokes 5 swing on pins E carried by the plates 3 and 4. "I'he yokes 5 extend forwardly from the pins 6 and at their forward ends I provide .the wheel axles 'I carrying the wheels 8 which in turn :roll upon Athe forms-I. Extending rearwardly,A fromxthe frame member 2 are pusher arms 9 hinged to the frame member 2 by the vertical king pins II) Afor permitting some movement of the main frame 2 parallel to its long dimension. I have shown the pusher armal 9 as tubes telescopically receiving at their rear ends the smaller tubes Il. The rear end memroadway strike-01T machine I4-C shown schematically in Figures 1 through 4.

Attached to the plates 3 are the retaining plates I8-L and I B-R (Fig. 2) to prevent the material between the side forms I from passing over the side forms I and being wasted.

Depending .from the main frame 2 I provide the pusher hangers I5 (Fig. 1) shown in'more detail elsewhere in this description, supporting and propelling the pairs of twin vibrating tubes IIi-L and II-L, and I6-R and I'I-R (Fig. 2).

Between the twin tubes II-L and II-L, and also between vIG-R and I 'I-R, I provide the vibrator mechanisms I3 described in more detail elsewhere herein, powered by the flexible shafts 20 which receive their power in .turn from the prime-movers 2| which for convenience I have shown mounted on the carriage I4, although theymay be carried elsewhere. Likewise, the prime movers for the vibrator-mechanisms `I-9 may be adjacent to or integral with the mechanisms I9.

I also provide the reciprocating or non-reciprocating strike-on. screed A22 on which I may mount thervibrator mechanisms IS-S. For the sake of clarity'inthe drawings I have omitted the mechanisms for propelling, reciprocating and elevating the screed 22.

The carriage or finishing machine M C is provided with its prime mover 23 for actuating the screed 22 and bymeans of transmission 24 propelling the carriage along the side forms I. Likewise, the prime mover 23 may also be arranged Ato actuate the vibrator mechanisms I9.

I also provide the hydraulic pump 25 actuated by any, convenient .source of power such as a prime mover or manually, having the conduit 26, the control valve 21, and the conduit 28, leading from the valve 21 to the T or header 29. From the header 29 I provide the conduit 30-LA connecting with conduit 30-LB (Fig. 2) which in turn.connects with hoisting ram 3I-L (Fig. 1);. likewise leadingirom the header 29 I provide the conduit 3IJ-RA leading to the conduit 30-RBco`nnected tothe elevating ram 3I-R .(Figs. 4 and 5)." Tl 1is system is described in more detail elsewhere herein.

It will -be noted that in Figure 3 I show the vibratingjtubes IB-R and I'I-R lowered to approximately the level of lthe tops of the side forms l, although the .lowered elevation may be selected at any other desired height. In Figure '4 I show the vibrating tubes II-R and I'I-R elevated out of engagement with the roadway material and the elevated position may be adjusted at will of the operator.

It is assumed that the direction of travel of the apparatus while vibrating the roadway maof the arrows 3|,

lB-LI of the tubes IG-L andv I'l-L elevated above the outer ends |6--LO, and likewise the inner ends IS--LI of the tubes Iii-R and Il-R elevated above' the outer ends` lli-LO. -I have assumed this position of the tubes I6-L, I1-L, IB-R and ll-R to accommodate a roadway in which the desired finished surface has a crown or upward curvature between side forms i, but it is obvious that the tubes Iii-L, I1--L, I6R and il-R, may be exactly level or in line end to end, or may even be depressed at the points IS-LL I have shown the main frame 2 constructed of two principal parts. At the left end the part 2-L extends inwardly from the plate 4 and telescopes within the larger tubular portion,2-M, the parts 2-L and 2--M being xed to each other at points 2-,W. At the right end the part 2-R extends inwardly from the plate 4 and telescopes within the part 2-M in the region 2J. Part 2-R is free to rotate within part 2-M, but is held longitudinally within part 2--M by suitableA means to maintain or adjust the distance between outer ends of parts 2-L and 2-R. v By means of the above described swivelling or rotatable connection between parts 2-L and 2-R', it is possible for ram` 3|-L to be in its uppermost position, as shown in Figure 3; and ram 3l-R to be in its-lowest position, as shown in Figure 4, without inducing any torsional stresses in the main frame .member 3.

The pusher arms 9 are provided'with the upper king-pin reaches 9-T, engaging the upper ends of the king-pins l0, and also with the bracket `plates S-P (Fig. 3) which continue .into the lower king-pin reaches 9-B which engage the lower ends of the king-pins l0. The lugs IEI-T vwhich are welded to the top of the frame 2, and

the lugs lill-B which are welded to the bottom of the frame 2, engage and carry the king-pin l (Fig. 1). This arrangement prevents rotation of the tube 2 and resists the torque induced by the resistance of the tubes IG-L, ll-L, lB-R and I'l-R while the latter are being propelled horizontally through the road material being treated. The foregoing system, in conjunction with the free-moving connections in clevisesy i2,

v permit the wheels 3 to follow a lateral curve in the side forms' i, and in case the wheels become derailed from the side forms l, and undue stresses in the frame 2 are obviated.

Where Pusher arms Bengage the king pins i0, and vwhere pusher arm members i I engage the clevises I2, I provide rubber or other elastic, col-` lars or devices not only to permit freedom of movement but also to eliminate the transmission of destructive vibrations from vibrator mechanisms i9 to the carriage lil-C. Other vibration elimination devices are also included in the system as elsewhere herein described.

\ In Figure 5 I show the main frame-2 with the inner truck plate 3, and the outer truck plate 3 which is partly cut away to permit viewing other parts of the apparatus. The wheel yoke 6 has the integral tubular housing 5-R surrounding and rotating upon pin 6, The yoke '5 also has the upwardly extending ears -Eiwhich lengage and carry the ram pin 3I--B which in turn engages the plunger 3I--P of the ram "3l-R.. The upper end 3 l-T of the ram is carried by the pin 3i--U which in turn is engaged and held by the plates 3 .and 4. When hydraulic fluid under pressure Aisadmitted through. conduit 30-RB to the ram 3l--R, the plunger 3I-l-P is caused to travel out of the ram Sl-R, thereby increasing the diS- tance between pins 3IB and 3i--U, with the result that frame member 2 is caused to rise from its lowest position to its uppermost position,

thereby elevating all parts of the apparatus that are associated with the frame member 2. Exit of the'hydraulic `fluid from ram 3I-R reverses the foregoing operation and lowers the frame member 2 with all associated parts of the apparatus. .Hydraulic fluid under pressureis provided by the pump and regulated by the valve 21, which may also operateto returnexit fluid l from the rams 3I-R and ill-L to the sump of pump 25.

In Figure 5 I also show the retaining plate Ili--R having thevertically slotted holes .l8-S'- engaging bolts l8-B in plate 3,4 whereby the elevation of plate l8.-R may be adjusted with relation to plate I, and with relation to the top I-T of side formsl.

In Figures 6 and 'l I show the relative posiwith respect to the reciprocating screed 22. The` screed 22 has at each end, over the side forms i,

the forwardly projecting box-like ends 22--B. I have shown the screed 22 in full lines when it has traveled to its extreme left stroke in the direction of the arrow 32-L, and in dotted lines A.

' its position when it has traveled to its extreme right stroke in the direction of the arrow 32-R.

The inwardly and rearwardly sloping front facev 33 does not interfere with the end iG-E of tube lli-R, but I have found'it necessary to shorten tube Il-R so that its end ll-E isto the left, in the direction of the arrow 32-L, of the end lS-E of tube lli-R. The object of .the part, face 33,'is to prevent road material from passing over the side forms I and being wasted. I have found that by installing the exible diaphragm 343 attached at lit-'F .to the rearward edge cf plate IIS-R, and allowing its rearward edge M-R to remain free, the rearward edge d-R will move backand forth continuing in contact with face 33 as the screed 22 reciprocates, as indicated by the dotted lines 34-ED,

' thereby preventing road material from Wasting over the forms l behind plate I8-R and face plate 33. The rearward edge 3&-R is left free from face plate 33 to permit differential vertical movement of the plate Iii-R and face plate 33. One of these differential positions is shown in Figure 8, .with plate IB-R elevated to position I8-,RU, and carrying with it diaphragm 3d.-

In Figure 9 I show a vertical cross section taken on line 9-9 of Figure '1. Within the vibrator housing i@ I provide the rotatable shaft '35 on which is mounted the out-of-balance weight 36, which is actuated by the flexible shaft 2li of Figure "7. Around the housing i3 I -provide the yoke 36 having the horizontally extending bolting ears 3l. Ears 3l are attache i by bolts. 38 to lugs 39 which are welded to tubes lli- R and l'l--R respectively. As the weight 36 is rotated, it imparts oscillations about shaft 35 to the housing i9, and thence through yoke 3l, bolts 38 and lugs 39 to the vibrator tubes IB-R and ll--R. These' oscillations enable the tubes I S-R and i'l-R to impart vibrations in the directions of the radiating arrows 40 to any material in which the tubes I-R and iI-lt may be immersed. vA similar apparatus is associated with tubes IvS-L and /r In Figures 10,'11 and 12 I show the devices-for eliminating the transmission of vibrations from the tubes IE-R and .I 1-R to the main frame 2.

In this arrangement I have utilized some of the disclosures of my United States Letters Patent No. 2,018,294 issued October 22, 1935. On the lower end of the pusher hanger I5 I attach the upstanding leg 4| having the lower flange 42 to the lower face of which I attach the fabricv and rubber power belt or other suitable material 43 extending horizontally in both directions from the flange 42 and approximately parallel to theand |1-R. Ears 48 clamp against sleeves 46 and prevent excessive movement of the plates 44 re1- ative to the tubes |6--lfil and |.1`R but permit at the same time, vibrations of the tubes IG-R and |1-R and their pins 41 to take place without excessively vibrating the plates 44, due to the absorption of some of the vibrations by the sleeves 46.'

Such vibrations as may occur in plates 44 are I mostly absorbedby the free end portions of the belt y43 between its attachment to plates 44 and flange 42. The ends of the -belt 43 between plates 44 and flange 42 have freedom of motion' in all directions with respect to the amplitude necessary to eliminate the transmission of destructive vibrations, to pusher hanger l5, but at the same time belt 43- is sufficiently rigid in the directions of the arrows 3| to perform its function of propelling the tubes |6--R and |1-1'1l in the direction of the arrows 3| through the roadway material being treated.

To the tubes |6-R and` |1-R I weld the upwardly extending spaced lugs 49 in the upper ends of which I place the pins 50 on which I mount the sleeves 46 enclosed in the hollow ends 5| of the connecting rods 52 (Fig. 12). On the threaded connecting rods 52 I provide the nuts 53 bearing against the bottom of the spacer 54, the upper end of which engages the cup 55 of the vibration dampener 56, with the nut 51 also engaging cup 55. The bolting or base ange 58 of dampener 56 is attached to shelf 59 which is a part of upstanding leg 4|, the shelf 59 having the slot 60 to permit the passage oi lower end 6l of pusher hanger |5. The function of connecting rods 52 is to determine the elevations of tubes |6-R and |1-R relative to flange 42 and upstanding leg 4|. The function of shelf 59 and dampeners 56 is to dampen-the transmission of vibrations from tubes |6-'R and |1-R to main frame 2, and at the same time to permit angular deflections of rods 52 relative both to lugs 49 and dampeners 56.

To provide for rapid adjustment of the elevations of the ends |6-LI and |6-LO of tubes |6-R and ll-R, I provide in the upstanding leg 4| the slotted holes 62carrying the bolts 63 by means of which leg 4| is attached to lower end 6| of pusher hanger I5. To expedite further the vertical adjustment just referred to, I provide the struts 64 attached to shelf 59 and extending upwardly therefrom, terminating in the racks 65 which in turn engage the pinions 66 which are mounted on opposite sides of the frame 2 on the horizontal shaft 61. Devices for maintaining engagement of racks 65 with pinions 66 are omitted for the sake of clarity. At any selected elevation of the racks 65, the pinions 66 are locked against revolving by the latch 68 engaging the teeth. of pinions 66. The shaft 61 is provided with the crank handle 69 by means of which the shaft 61 may be rapidly revolved and the elevations of the tubes |6-R and ll-l'wl quickly adjusted, for instance from a roadway surface having a crown or upward curvature between side forms to a surface which is a tangent between the tops of side forms Tubes 6-L and |1-L are equipped in a manner similar to the equipment described for tubes |6-R and |1-R.

At suitable locations between pairs of tubes lli-R and |1--R I may provide the spacer bars 10 having the inclined portions 1|. I have shown one such bar in Figure 11 with its inclination such that the flat face 1| is presented downwardly toward the lower edge of the side form in vertical directions as shown in Figure 9, these directions of vibrations will induce vectors in the directions of the arrows 12 and serve to impart ,suitable vibrations to the road material 13 and compact and solidify the material 13 against the whole vertical face 14 of side form Similarly, at the ends |6-4-LI of tubes |6-L, |1L, |6-1?l and |1-R in Figure 1, properly disposed spacer bars 10 will serve to compact the road material 13 against a longitudinal center joint structure if the same be built into the roadway slab between the ends ls-LI.

In Figure 13 I show the at-rest positions of tubes |6-R and |1-R in broken lines. When the vibrator mechanism |9 is actuated, the tubes |6-R and |1-R are caused to travel in orbital paths like that assumed by a skipping rope in the hands of a child. The tubes |6--R and |1-R, at one period of their distortion, assume the positions |6-RD and |1-RD shown in solid lines. If the struts 44-A are rigidly welded or attached at ends 44--B to the tubes |6-R and |1-R, then such connections are quickly destroyed and broken. shown in Figures 10, 11 and 12 is used, permitting the tubes |6-R and |1-R to assume any distorted direction, then no failures take place. I have found 'that the clamping arrangement shown in Figure 9 holds the tubes |6-R and I'I-R in proper colinear relationship.

In Figure 14 I show a method of arranging the ytubes |6--R and |1-R, being an invention which is an important improvement on methods heretofore utilized in the vibratory placement and treatment of materials the particles of which move relatively to each other when vibrated.

To illustrate this feature of my present inven- Ation I have taken a. material such as concrete,

' consisting of large fragments of coarse aggregate 15 in the void spaces of which is a binding element such as mortar 16 consisting of line aggregate, cement and water. This material having been deposited upon the supporting medium 11,

' and laterally confined between side forms the vibrating tubes |6-R and |1--R are propelled through the concrete 13 in the direction of the arrow 3|. The lower surface 18 of the tube |6-R may be considerably below the elevation |-T of the tops of the forms Fragments of coarse aggregate lying first in the position 15-A will rise and ow over the tube |6R as at 15-B and lodge finally behind tube I6-R in the position 15C, with the upper portion of the fragment 15C above the elevation |-T and the lower portion below ,said elevation. If the screed 22 But if the arrangement.

having the nose 22N be propelled in the direction of arrow 3| until nose 22-N'makes contact with fragment -C, then the concrete or mor- .tar surrounding fragment 15-C will be ripped,

torn and grooved as the fragment 15--C is moved from its last position. The same situation exists when the lower surface 19 of tube |1-R. is below the elevation I-v-T. I have found that by elevating tube |1-R so that the surface 19 is at or somewhat above the elevation IT, the fragment 1li-D is moved downward until its upper extremity is at or below the elevation |-T, and

Ihave also found that occupying the positions intersecting fragments of large aggrlegate, so'

that when the nose 22-N progresses along zone 4lill and planes the concrete 13 off to desired surface elevation at I-T, no irregularities exist in the surface behind the screed 22 such as always exist if the tube |1--R be not at the elevation just described. t

'In Figure 15 I show another arrangement of my apparatus in which the vibrating tube I1- R is provided with the trailing portion I1`A having the approximately horizontalv surface 19-A tangent to lower tube surface 19, and returning I-T and between the upwardly at 19-B in the surface 19-C which is tangent to the upper surface 19D of the tube |1-R. That portion of material 13 I-T passing over tube |1--R flowsvover location 19-D and gradually downward on surface 19C to leave the zone 89 a's described under Figure 14. Surface 19-A also serves to impart additional downward vibratory energy to the material being treated, further to compact and densify the same.

In Figure 16 I show another arrangement of my apparatus, in which main frame 2-A propelling the vibrating tubes II-RI and I1R|, followed by the second main frame 2--B propelling the vibrating tubes IG-RZ and I1-R2, the latter pair if desired being arranged as shown in Figure 14. Following the second frame 2-B I show the screed 22, which may or may not be reciprocatedanl.which may or may not be provided with the vibrator mechanisms I9-S mounted thereon to vibrate the I provide the forward' above line same, all the above described being propelled in Such an arrangefor a plurality of the direction of the arrow 3|. ment of my apparatus provides locations of vibrating the road material 13, and

by varying the relative frequency of vibrations of the respective systems, the advantages set forth in my co-pending application Serial No. 332,273, filed April 29, 1940, now Patent 2,309,033, dated January 19, 1943, will be enjoyed.

It is understood that a greater plurality of systems as shown in Figure 16 may be employed, and that with respect to the system shown in Figures 1 through 4, a greater plurality of tubes may be employed.

In Figure 1'1 I show another form of my apsupplied to shaft |I3 by paratus in which the parallel vibratory tubes 99 I are surrounded and carried by the elastic sleeves 9| mounted in the yokes 92. To yokes 92 I attach the elastic members 93 which are in turn attached to the pusher hangers I5 which are shown broken away forthe sake of vclarity but which may be supported from a carriage frame 2 as in Figures 1 through 4. I also provide the spaced yokeplates 94 and 95 which support the vibrator mechanism I9 in such a `manner that the shaft 35 of Figure 9, instead of beingv parallel to the axes of the tubes 99, is at an angle with the plane passing through the axes of tubes 99. Mechanism I9 is actuated by flexiblepower shaft 2,9; The vibrations generated by the mechanism I9 will be generally in planes perpendicular to shaft 35. Some components of the vibrations imparted to tubes 99 will be in the directions of the arrows 96, in planes perpendicular to the long axes of tubes 9|).

At spaced intervals on tubes I mount the vibrator plates 91 and 99, extending away from the outer surfaces of members 99,.which may be cylindrical or of any other convenient cross-section, or shape. Some of the vibrations of the mechanism I9 will generate vibratory forces .in members 99 in the directions 'of the arrows 99 and |99, and such motions will be imparted to the plates91 and 98.

When in contact with the material to be rial, vibrations having components in the `directions of the arrows 96, as well asin other directions, and the plates 91 and 98 will impart to the material, vibrations in still other directions, for instance in the directions of arrows 99 and |99. Thereby the material will receive vibrations in a series of at least three non-parallel planes, simultaneously. I may also elect lto mount the plates 98 in a manner whereby their planes are at an angle to the axes of the members 99, in which case plates 98 will function in the same manner as the' bars 1| of' Figures 10 and 1l.

In Figure 18 I show another form of my apparatus, in which I utilize for purposes of illusrow 3|. Screed 22 may be provided with the vibrator mechanisms I9-S attached thereto and with the nose 22N, and the front face 22-F, as well as with the rearwardly extending bottom platey 22-H. Screed 22 may also be provided at its ends with the angular front faces 33, and the supplementary faces 22-fB.

To propel the screed 22 I mounted upon it the pushers |9| which are propelled by the buier |92 carried on the carriage I4. To elevate and lower screed 22 I provide the eye-bolts |93 attached to plate 22-1-1 and carrying chains |94 engaging cranks' |95 carried by rotatable shafts |96 riding in bearings |91 on the buffer |92. By means not shown I am able to rotate shafts |06 and thereby raise and lower screed 22 at will. I also provide the arm |98 mounted on screed plate 22-H and having its pin |99 engaging connecting rod ||9 which in turn engages pin I I I of crank I I2 which is mounted on rotatable shaft I I3 carried in bearing II4 on buffer |92. I do not show the means by which I rotate'shaft ||3 but power may be any conventional means. As shaft ||3 is rotated it'rotates crank ||,2, and through connecting rod ||9 causes the screed 22 to be reciprocated in both directions as indicated by the double headed arrow 92.

4, and the associated devices. I provide the vi bratory screeds H4 and H5 having the front faces H6, the nose parts II'I, the rearwardly extending bottom plates I I8, and the vibrator mechanisms I9-S attached thereto. conforming to frame 2 and' associated devices of Figures 1 through 4 may be associated with the screeds H4 and H5 and be plOpelled by the Calriage I4. At the lower ends of pusher plates 3 I provide the elastic connections H9 attached thereto and to the adjacent ends of screeds I I4 and H5. Connections I I9 are attached to plates 3 by proper bolts or other fastenings engaging vertical slots 62a permitting adjacent end of screed H4 or H5 to be either elevated or lowered with reference to top I-T of side forms I, and

also permittingr screeds H4 and H5 to be pitched forwardly or rearwardly with noses II "I higher or lower than edge of plate H8. At the pusher plate 6I at middle of apparatus I provide the hanger plate 4I provided with slotted holes 62 carryingr bolts 63 by means of which plate 4I is attached to pusher 6I, and permitting adjustments similar to those provided at plates 3. Plate 4| is attached to elastic connections I 2I which in turn are attached to adjacent ends of screeds H4 and H5. This device is in some respects similar to the apparatus covered in my United States Letters Patent No. 2,094,910, issued October 5, 1937. With this arrangement it is also possible The structure the transmission of vibrations nism attached to and vibrating each member, elevation-determining struts extending from each member to said frame, elastic parts operatively associated with said elevation-determining struts interposed between said members and said frame to permit freedom of vibration in said members and to dampen the transmission of vibrations from said members to said frame, propulsion struts having elastic connections to said members to permit freedom of vibration in said members, a propulsion connection means between said propulsion struts and said frame to propel said last struts and thereby said members, and elastic means interposed between said vibrating members and said propulsion connection means to dampen to said propulsion connection. l

2. In apparatus for vibrating a material which becomes plastic when vibrated, a frame, a plu- 'rality of members attached t0 the frame having their long axes approximately parallel with each otherland to the desired finished surface of the material, vibrating elements connected with said to make the plates H8 of screeds H4 and H5 conform to the laterall curvature of the desired surface of the material 13, as shown in Figure 19. By proper pitching forwardly or rearwardly of the screeds |I4 and H5, the same results`may be accomplished as set forth under Figure 14.

Having described several specific embodiments of my invention together with the operation thereof, I desire'it to be understood that these forms are selected merely for the purpose of facilitating disclosure of the invention rather than for the purpose of limiting the number of forms which it may assume. It is to be further understood that various modifications, adaptations and alterations may be applied to the specific forms disclosed to meet the requirements of practice without in any manner departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, except as set forth in the claims appended hereto.

I claim as-my inventi( 1 and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. In apparatus of the kind described. a supporting frame, a pair of elongated spaced vibratory members arranged with their axes approximately parallel with each other, vibrating mechamembers vibrating in directions radiating from their long axes, and imparting corresponding vibrations to the material, said members also having vibrations in directions having vectors parallel to their long axes, said members being provided with surfaces at angles with their long axes, said surfaces imparting to the material vibrations parallel to said long axes, a movable attachment between the members and the frame, a motor device connected to the frame and one or more of said members for propelling one or more of said members through the material in directions other than those parallel to said long axes, and an ele vating and lowering mechanism attached to said movable attachment for controlling the lrelative elevations of the members for immersing the members in thematerial and for withdrawing the members from the material.

3. In an apparatus of the kind described, a carriage, a pair of normally parallel longitudinally elongated vibrators, means for supporting said vibrators on the carriage and for connecting them with each other, said means including an element for damping transmission' of vibrations from the vibrator to the carriagefand an element for damping transmission of vibration from one vibrator to the other.

4; In an apparatus of the kind described, a carriage adapted to travel along forms'for material for a roadway slab or the like, transverse substantially parallel elongated vibrator members spaced apart fore and aft, and suspended from the carriage to be maintained at predetermined heights during the travel of the carriage, means to pre-` vent substantial oscillation of the vibrator members as a unit about the points of suspension. means for vibrating said members whereby they will provide a thin zone or layer adjacent the desired top surfaces of the slab being formed, substantially free from larger aggregate, and a screed behind the members for planing off the concrete at the level of such desired surface.

ROBERT WILLIAM BAILY.

from said members 

